标题: 江苏开放大学大学英语(B)(1)过程性考核作业1参考答案 [打印本页] 作者: 艾的民 时间: 昨天 10:53 标题: 江苏开放大学大学英语(B)(1)过程性考核作业1参考答案 1、A-1到A-15是未完成的句子，考核所学词汇与语法知识点，针对每个句子中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A-1. —— How are you getting along with your study?
——____________________
A、Fine. What about you?
B、I don’t know.
C、Quite right.
D、It’s too hard for me.
答案：A
2、A-2. ——Peter, _____?
—— Not too bad.
A、what’s up
B、what are you doing
C、what’s wrong with you
D、what’s the matter
答案：A
3、A-3. Mary wanted to avoid running down a dog but ran _____ a big tree by the roadside.
A、over
B、on
C、into
D、up
答案：C
4、A-4. On average, a successful lawyer has to talk to several _____ a day.
A、customers
B、supporters
C、guests
D、clients
答案：D
5、A-5. This new machine is technically far _______to the previous type.
A、superior
B、junior
C、senior
D、equal
答案：A
6、A-6. Climate change will greatly _____ wheat and rice production if nations don’t take steps now.
A、fall
B、leak
C、lack
D、reducE、
答案：D
7、A-7. Without my glasses I can hardly ________ what has been written in the letter.
A、make for
B、make up
C、make out
D、make over
答案：C
8、A-8. Dogs have a very good _____ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.
1. SensE
2. B、view
C、means
D、ideA
答案：A
9、A-9. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _____ he grew up as a child.
A、which
B、that
C、wherE
D、when
答案C
10、A-10. Helen had to shout ________ above the sound of the music.
A、making herself hear
B、to make herself hear
C、making herself hearD
D、to make herself hearD
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
11、A-11. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _____ in your mind instead of before your eyes.
A、to form
B、form
C、forming
D、having formeD
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
12、A-12._____ makes his shop different is that it offers more personal services.
A、What
B、Who
C、Whatever
D、Whoever
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
13、A-13. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _____ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.
A、begin
B、began
C、have begun
D、had begun
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
14、A-14._____ ten minutes earlier, you wouldn’t have missed the train. But you were late.
A、Had you comE
B、Did you comE
C、Have you comE
D、Should you comE
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
15、A-15. So many representatives________, the conference had to be put off.
A、were absent
B、to be absent
C、being absent
D、had been absent
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
16、A-31至A-40为完型填空题，阅读材料中共包含10个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中空缺部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Your body, which has close relations A-31 the food you eat, is the most important thing you own, so it needs proper A-32and proper nourishment (营养). The old saying “An apple a day keeps the doctorA-33” is not as silly as some people think.
The body needs A-34 and vegetables because they contain vitamin C. Many people take extra vitamins
A-35 pill form, believing that these will make them healthy.
But a good A-36 is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins you need. The body doesn’t need or use extra vitamins, A-37 why waste money on them?
In the modern western world, many people are A-38 busy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their stomachs, eating hurriedly and A-39. The list of illnesses caused or made worse by bad eating _A-40 is frightening.
A-31. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A、to
B、with
C、of
D、from
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
17、阅读A-31题干中材料，完成本题。
A-32. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A、treatment
B、measurement
C、movement
D、statement
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
18、阅读A-31题干中材料，完成本题。
A-33. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A、apart
B、altogether
C、away
D、alonE
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
19、阅读A-31题干中材料，完成本题。
A-34. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A、meat
B、milk
C、fish
D、fruits
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
20、阅读A-31题干中材料，完成本题。
A-35. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A、on
B、for
C、of
D、in
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
21、阅读A-31题干中材料，完成本题。
A-36. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A、diet
B、habit
C、stylE
D、lifE
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：考查上下文逻辑关系。“diet”饮食，“habit”习惯，“style”风格， “life”生活，只有A“ diet”符合逻辑。
22、阅读A-31题干中材料，完成本题。
A-37. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A、OtherwisE
B、however
C、so
D、although
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：考查上下文逻辑关系。“otherwise”否则，“however”然而，“so”所以，“although”尽管。根据上下文逻辑推理，C为正确答案。
23、阅读A-31题干中材料，完成本题。
A-38. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A、very
B、too
C、extremely
D、much
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：固定搭配“too…to”，意思是“太……以至于不能……”。
24、阅读A-31题干中材料，完成本题。
A-39. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A、carefully
B、quietly
C、carelessly
D、noisily
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：考查逻辑关系。“eating hurriedly and carelessly”, 由于吃得很快，很匆忙，所以很粗心。其它词语都不符合逻辑。
25、阅读A-31题干中材料，完成本题。
A-40. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A、habits
B、hobbies
C、manners
D、behaviors
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：考查上下文关系以及词义辨析。“habit”习惯，“hobbies”嗜好、爱好，“manners”举止，“behaviors” 行为。
26、A-41到A-45是5个英文句子，针对每个英文句子有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出翻译的最佳选项。
A-41. It is possible that your company is facing difficulties of which we are not aware.
A、可能你公司正面临一些我们不了解的困难。
B、也许你公司正面临着一些我们不明白的困难。
C、我们不知道你公司正面临困难是有可能的。
D、有可能你公司正在面临些困难，都是我们不了解的。
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：本题翻译时注意对复合句的理解。“of which we are no aware”为定语从句，修饰名词“difficulties”；C，D两项没有准确的翻译出定语从句；B项“be aware”在此句中翻译成“明白”不够贴切。故选A。
27、A-42. The director is disappointed because he has not found anyone in the applicants who is particularly qualified for this job.
A、已经任命了主任，因为只有他有能力去寻找适合做这项工作的求职者。
B、已经任命了主任，因为只有他才有资格去挑选肯做这项工作的求职者。
C、主任非常失望，因为他还没有在这些求职者中发现具有特殊资质的人。
D、主任很失望，因为他还没在求职者中找到特别有资格做这项工作的人。
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析： 本句是一个主从复合句，含有一个because引导的原因状语从句，而该状语从句里面又包含了一个who引导的定语从句，修饰anyone。除了句式之外，关键的词汇包括disappointed(失望的)和be qualified for(有资格做……)。选项D既符合原句式的逻辑关系，对词汇的翻译也准确无误，为最佳答案。选项C不如选项D的地方在于没有准确翻译词汇particularly qualified，该词汇的意思是“尤其合格的”，而非如选项C所译的“有特殊资质的”。选项A和选项B较差，都误将disappointed(失望)当作了appointed(任命)。两者虽然都保留了原因状语从句的翻译，但是里面的定语从句却译得不好。选项A漏译了particularly，而“能力”也不知从何而来，但总算保留了定语从句与anyone的修饰关系，也译出了qualified的意思；相比之下，选项B更糟糕，它把修饰anyone的qualified译成了“主任”的修饰成分，而且该选项中的“肯做……的”纯属无中生有。
28、A-43. We believe that quality is the soul of an enterprise, which is the reason why we attach great importance to quality control.
A、我们认为素质是企业的精华，因此我们重视员工素质培养。
B、我们相信企业要有企业精神，因此我们努力创建企业文化。
C、我们相信质量是企业的灵魂，所以我们高度重视质量控制。
D、我们认为质量是企业的核心，所以我们一贯坚持质量标准。
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析： 本句是一个复合句，包括动词believe后的宾语从句，和逗号后的非限制性定语从句。注意，该定语从句的which指的是前面整个主句的内容，因此，这个定语从句中的which is the reason why可以等同于so(因此)，与主句形成因果关系。四个选项都有注意到这种因果关系，故四个选项的质量就取决于对词汇的翻译了。该句关键的词汇是quality(质量)，quality control(品质控制)和attach importance to…(重视)。根据以上的分析，选项C是最佳答案。选项D次之，因为该选项将quality control译为了“质量标准”，并加进了原句没有的“一贯坚持……”这一内容。选项A将quality译为了“素质”，如果没有后面的quality control作对照，将quality译为“素质”其实无不可，但是有了quality control就能发现quality应该指企业生产的产品的“质量”，而非企业员工素质。选项B是最不可取的，该选项完全将宾语从句和定语从句的内容译错了，关键词汇全部译错。
29、A-44. In addition to his major, John had taken up some courses on economics in college so that he could find a good job after graduation.
A、除所学的专业外，约翰在大学还选修了一些经济学课程，以便毕业后能找到一份好工作。
B、除了所学专业，约翰在大学还自学了一些经济学课程，这样毕业后就找到了一份好工作。
C、约翰毕业后就找到了一份好的工作，因为除了所学专业，还选修了其他一些大学的课程。
D、约翰大学一毕业就找到一份好工作，因为他在本专业之外，还附带学了一些经济学课程。
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析： 本句是一个包含目的状语从句的复合句。还值得注意的是，本句并非以主语John开始，而是以一个状语开始，所以，处理好该状语与主句的关系也很重要。选项A是最佳选项，该选项译对了句首状语和主句的关系，也译对了so that(以便于……)引出的目的状语从句。选项B、C和选项D虽然句式看似区别很大，但其实三个选项有一点相似之处：他们都将原句中的目的状语从句译作了结果状语从句，把约翰“想要找份好工作”这个愿望译为了事实。选项D除了这个错误外，其他都算译对了。选项B比选项D稍差，因为选项B将约翰选修的课程译成了约翰“自学”这些课程。选项C是最不可取的，因为该选项漏译了“经济学”这一重要的信息点。
30、A-45. If the delivery time indicated is 14 days, the goods will be sent to you within this time regardless of when the order is placed.
A、如果显示的交货时间是14天，无论你们订的是什么货物，都会按时送达的。
B、如果交货时间显示的是14天，无论何时订货，货物都将在14天内送达你处。
C、假如是14天后显示发货时间的话，不管你订的是什么货物，都将按时送到。
D、假如你要求14天后发货的话，不管你订的是什么货物，都必须另外下订单。
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析： 本句句式不算复杂，是含有一个if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。难点是：(1)indicated是后置定语，修饰delivery time，意为“显示的送货时间”，因此该从句中的动词是is，而非indicated；(2)regardless of及其后的名词性从句合起来组成一个相对于主句内容的让步条件，这一部分的意思是“不管订单是什么时候下的”。根据以上分析，选项B为最佳答案。选项A次之，因为该选项将regardless of后的“when”错译为了“what”，也可以说，该选项漏译了“时间”这一内容。选项C犯了和选项A同样的错误，另外，选项C没有理解indicated在句中的作用，将其译为了动词。选项D最不可取，该选项中的“你要求14天后发货”和“另外下订单”都与原文的意思相差甚远，再加上将when译为了what(什么货物)，选项D与原句契合的内容已所剩无几。
二、江苏开放大学大学英语b1第一次形考作业综合题答案24年春
1、 A-Passage OnE、 阅读所给材料。短文后有5个问题，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The AlphaGo program’s victory is an example of how smart computers have become.
But can artificial intelligence (AI) machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fair?
One example of AI is driverless cars. They are already on California roads, so it is not too soon to ask whether we can program a machine to act ethically. As driverless cars improve, they will save lives. They
will make fewer mistakes than human drivers do. Sometimes, however, they will face a choice between
lives. Should the cars be programmed to avoid hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put
their passengers at risk? What about making a sudden turn to avoid a dog? What if the only risk is
damage to the car itself, not to the passengers?
Perhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but they are not super-intelligent beings.
Teaching ethics to a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger challenge.
About the same time as AlphaGo’s triumph, Microsoft’s ‘chatbot’took a bad turn. The software,
named Taylor, was designed to answer messages from people aged 18-24. Taylor was supposed to be
able to learn from the messages she received. She was designed to slowly improve her ability to handle
conversations, but some people were teaching Taylor racist ideas. When she started saying nice things
about Hitler, Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest messages.
AlphaGo’s victory and Taylor’s defeat happened at about the same time. This should be a warning
to us. It is one thing to use AI within a game with clear rules and clear goals. It is something very
different use AI in the real world. The unpredictability of the real world may bring to the surface a
troubling software problem.
Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which owns AlphaGo. He thinks AI will be positive for
humans. He said people will be the winner, whatever the outcome. Advances in AI will make human
beings smarter, more able and “just better human beings.”
1、What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo’s victory?
A、Computers will prevail over human beings.
B、Computers have unmatched potential.
C、Computers are man’s potential rivals.
D、Computers can become highly intelligent.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：细节辨认题。由题干中的 the example of AlphaGo’s victory定位到第一段。定位段指出，阿尔法围棋程序的胜利例证了计算机已经变得有多聪明，即计算机可以变得非常智能，故答案为Computers can become highly intelligent.。
2、What does the author mean by AI machines acting ethically?
A、They are capable of predicting possible risks.
B、They weigh the gains and losses before reaching a decision.
C、They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.
D、They sacrifice everything to save human lives.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：推理判断题。由题干中的 AI machines acting ethically 定位到第二段。定位段提出问题：人工智能机器能合乎伦理地做事情吗？即它们能做到诚实和公正吗？作者在第三段进一步解释说明：它们有的时候会面临生命之间的抉择，在该救谁的伦理道德问题上作出判断，故答案为They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.。
3、What is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the AI age？
A、Howtomakesuper-intelligentAI machinessharehuma feelings.
B、Howto ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act ethically.
C、How to prevent AI machines doing harm to humans.
D、How to avoid being over-dependent on AI machines.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：细节辨认题。由题干中的 the bigger challenge 定位到第四段第二句。定位句提到，向一台甚至比我们还聪明的机器教授伦理道德将是更大的挑战。也就是说，如何确保那些超级聪明的人工智能机器合乎伦理地做事情对我们人类而言是一个更大的挑战，故答案为How to ensure that super-intelligent AI machines act ethically.。
4、What do we learn about Microsoft’s ‘chatbot’ Taylor？
A、She could not distinguish good from bad.
B、She could turn herself off when necessary.
C、She was not made to handle novel situations.
D、She was good at performing routine tasks.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：推理判断题。由题干中的 Microsoft’s ‘chatbot’ Taylor 定位到第五段。定位段第四、五句指出，泰勒被设计得可以慢慢提高其处理对话的能力，但是有些人在教她一些种族主义的观点。当她开始说希特勒好话的时候，微软公司将她关闭，并删除了她最恶劣的言论。由此可见，泰勒这一聊天机器人没有辨别是非的能力，故答案为She could not distinguish good from bad.。
5、What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence？
A、It will be far superior to human beings.
B、 It will keep improving as time goes by.
C、 It will prove to be an asset to human beings.
D、 It will be here to stay whatever the outcome.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：推理判断题。由题干中的Eric Schmidt定位到文章最后一段。定位段提到，艾里克·斯密特认为人工智能对人类将是有利的。在人工智能方面的进步可以使人类更聪明，更有能力，“成为更好的自己”。由此可见，人工智能对于人类并不是坏事，而是人类的财富，可以为人类所用，服务于人类。故答案为It will prove to be an asset to human beings.。
2、A-Passage Two
阅读所给材料。短文后有5个问题，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Roughly the size of a soda can, sitting on a bookshelf, a relatively harmless gadget may be turning friends away from your home. The elephant in your living room is your Internet-connected security camera, a device people are increasingly using for peace of mind in their homes, But few stop to think about the effect these devices may have on house guests. Should you tell your friends, for instance, that they’re being recorderd while you all watch the big game together?
“It’s certainly new territory, especially as home security cameras become easier to Install,” says Lizzie Post, president of the Emily Post Institute, America’s foremost manners advisors. “I think it will be very interesting to see what etiquette(礼仪) emerges in terms of whether you tell people you have a camera or not, and whether guests have a right to ask that it be turned off, if it’s not a security issue. “
Post wants to make clear that she’s not talking about legal rights, but rather personal preferences. She also wants to explain that there are no right or wrong answers regarding manners on this front yet, because the technology is just now becoming mainstream. Besides, the Emily Post Institute doesn’t dictate manners.
When it comes to security cameras, Post says it’s a host’s responsibility to make sure guests feel comfortable within their home. “I’m always a fan of being open and honest.” For instance, if the host casually acknowledges that there is a camera in the room by telling a story about it, that may be enough to provide an opening for a guest to say if they are uncomfortable.
However, if a contractor is working in your home, you don’t need to tell them that there are cameras watching. Then again, the air of accountability that the camera generates can also work in contractors’ favor. “If anything does go wrong while they’re in the house, they don’t want to be blamed for it,” she says. “In fact, the camera could be the thing that proves that they didn’t steal the $ 20, or knock the vase off the table.”
1、For what reason may your friends feel reluctant to visit your home?
A、The security camera installed may intrude into their privacy.
B、They don’t want their photos to be circulated on the Internet.
C、The security camera may turn out to be harmful to their health.
D、They may not be willing to interact with your family members.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：推理判断题。文章开篇第一句指出，一个相对没什么危险的小玩意儿，大致只有苏打水易拉罐那么大，可能会让朋友对你家敬而远之。作者在本段最后提出一个问题：朋友在你家一起观看大型比赛时，你会告诉他们，他们都被录下来了吗？由这两句可知，朋友不愿到家中做客可能是因为在家中安装摄像头会侵犯朋友的隐私，故答案为 The security camera installed may intrude into their privacy.。
2、What does Lizzie Post say is new territory?
A、The effect of manners advice on the public.
B、Cost of applying new technologies at home.
C、The increasing use of home security devices.
D、Etiquette around home security cameras.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：推理判断题。由题干中的 Lizzie Post和 new territory 定位到第二段首句。定位句提到了美国首席礼仪顾问、艾米丽·波斯特学院院长利兹·波斯特的话：这当然是一个新领域，尤其是当家庭安全摄像头变得更容易安装的时候。下文指出，波斯特认为看看主人和客人在处理家庭安全摄像头问题时会出现什么样的礼仪是非常有趣的。由此可知，定位句中的 new territory“新领域”是指家庭安全摄像头涉及的礼仪，故答案为Etiquette around home security cameras.。
3、What is Lizzie Post mainly discussing with regard to the use of home security cameras?
A、Legal rights.
B、Moral issues.
C、Likes and dislikes of individuals.
D、The possible impact on manners.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：细节辨认题。由题干中的 Lizzie Post、the use of home security cameras 和选项内容定位到第三段第一句。定位句指出，波斯特想澄清的是，她讨论的不是法律权利问题，而是个人偏好问题。由此可知，波斯特想讨论的是个人偏好问题。选项Likes and dislikes of individuals 对应定位句中的 personal preferences，故答案为此项。
4、What is a host’s responsibility regarding security cameras, according to Lizzie Post?
A、Making their guests feel at ease.
B、Indicating where they are.
C、Turning them off in time.
D、Ensuring their guests’ privacy.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：细节辨认题。由题干中的 a host’s responsibility定位到第四段第一句。定位句提到，当说到安全摄像头，波斯特认为，主人有责任确保客人在做客时感到舒适。选项 Making their guests feel at ease 对应定位句中的 make sure guests feel comfortable，故答案为此项。
5、In what way can the home security camera benefit visitors to your home?
A、It can satisfy their curiosity.
B、 It can prove their innocence.
C、It can help them learn new technology.
D、 It can make their visit more enjoyable.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：推理判断题。由题干中的 benefit visitors定位到第五段第二句。定位句指出，摄像头所产生的负责任的氛围也对承包商有利。在后面的两句中，波斯特举例说明益处所在：他们施工期间，如果家里确实出了问题，他们不想因此受到指责；摄像头会成为证明他们没偷那20美元或者没碰掉桌上花瓶的东西。由此可知，家庭安全摄像头可证明访客的清白，故答案为It can prove their innocence.。
3、A-Passage ThreE、阅读所给材料。短文后有5个问题，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
PepsiCo is to spend billions of dollars to develop drinks and snacks and reformulate existing ones with lower sugar, salt and fat, as consumers demand healthier options and regulatory pressure intensifies amid an obeisity epidemic（流行病）.
The maker of Mountain Dew and Gatorade has been one of the earlier movers in the industry to offer products with reduced levels of unhealthy ingredients-PepsiCo claims a packet of its chips now contains less salt than a slice of white bread. However, its new 10-year plan makes clear it believes it still has a long way to go.
Shifting eating habits, including a sharp drop in consumption of sparkling drinks, have forced radical
change on the industry. But those shifts have yet to be reflected in record obesity levels, which stand at 36.5% overall in the US.
Indra Nooyi, PepsiCo chairman, said the plan to make its products healthier was important for the company’s growth. But on the subject of obesity, she pointed out that consumers’ lifestyles have changed significantly, with many people being more sedentary（久坐不动的） not least because more time is spent in front of computers. She said PepsiCo’s contribution was to produce healthier snacks that still tasted good.
“Society has to change its habits,” she added. “We can’t do much to alter sedentary lifestyles, but can we provide comsumers with great-tasting products, low in salt, sugar and fat. In the past we had to have a taste trade-off. But we’re breaking that trade-off.”
PepsiCo’s plan for its foods and drinks is based on guidelines from the World Health Organisation, which last week backed using taxes on sparkling drinks to reduce sugar comsumption. Intiatives also include efforts to reduce its environmental impact, water comsumption and materials used in packaging by 2025.
PepsiCo did not say exactly how much it planned to invest to reach its goals. However, Dr Mehmood Khan, chief scientific officer, said the company had doubled research and development spending in the past five years and was “committed to sustaining investment”, adding that companies cannot cost-cut their way to increasing sales. PepsiCo’s research and development budget in 2015 was $754 million.
1、Why is PepsiCo making a policy change?
A、To win support from the federal government.
B、To be more competitive in the global market.
C、To satisfy the growing needs for healthy foods.
D、To invest more wisely in the soft drink industry.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：推理判断题。由题干中的PepsiCo和change定位到首段。定位段指出，在肥胖流行病的肆虐之下，消费者要求更健康的食品，监管压力也与日俱增，因此百事公司计划斥资数十亿美元开发饮料和零食，同时现有的产品也改用低糖、低盐和低脂的配方。由此可知，百事公司改变策略是为了满足消费者对健康食品的需求，故答案为To satisfy the growing needs for healthy foods.。
2、What does PepsiCo think it will have to do in the future?
A、Invest more to develop new snacks
B、Reduce levels of obesity in the US.
C、Change consumers’ eating habits.
D、Keep on improving its products.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：推理判断题。由题干中的 PepsiCo和 in the future定位到第二段。定位段第一句后半部分及第二句提到，百事公司声称，现在一包百事薯条的盐含量比一片白面包还少。然而，该公司新发布的十年计划表明，公司认为依旧还有一段漫长的路要走。由此可知，这条路指的是改进产品使其变得更健康，即百事公司在未来十年会继续改进产品，故答案为Keep on improving its products.。
3、Why does PepsiCo plan to alter its products,according to Indra Nooyi
A、To ensure the company’s future development.
B、To adapt to its customers’ changed taste.
C、To help improve its consumers’ lifestyles.
D、To break the trade-off in its product design.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：细节辨认题。由题干中的Indra Nooyi定位到第四段第一句。定位句指出，百事公司董事长英德拉·努伊表示，这项旨在为消费者提供更健康产品的计划对公司的发展很重要。由此可知，百事公司改变产品对于公司的未来发展非常重要。选项 ensure the company’s future development对应定位句中的 was important for the company’s growth，故答案为此项。
4、What does Indra Nooyi say about the obesity epidemic?
A、It is mainly caused by overconsumption of snacks.
B、It results from high sugar and salt consumption.
C、It is attributable to people’s changed lifestyles.
D、It has a lot to do with longer working hours.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：细节辨认题。由题干中的 Indra Nooyi 和 obesity epidemic 定位到第四段第二句。定位句提到，在肥胖这个问题上，英德拉·努伊指出消费者的生活方式发生了很大的变化，许多人久坐不动的时间更长了，这不仅仅是因为人们要花更多的时间在电脑前办公。由此可知，英德拉·努伊认为美国的肥胖问题主要是因为人们的生活方式发生了改变，故答案为It is attributable to people’s changed lifestyles.。
5、What has PepsiCo been doing to achieve its objective?
A、Studying WHO’s guidelines.
B、Increasing its research funding.
C、Expanding its market overseas.
D、Cutting its production costs.
答案：请在润雨搜题公众号发送题目查看
答案解析：推理判断题。由题干中的 achieve its objective 定位到最后一段第一句。定位句指出，百事公司没有具体说明计划投入多少资金以实现这一目标。接下来一句指出，该公司首席科学官穆罕默德·可汗博士表示，在过去五年中，百事公司的研发支出增加了一倍，并称该公司“致力于保持投资”。由此可知，为了实现自己的目标，百事公司一直在增加研发经费，故答案为Increasing its research funding.。